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Text Elements
Diatomic Elements are :
Self Check Classify as Element (E) , Compound (C) or Mixture (M)
[1] Pizza Mixture heterogenus
[2] Pure water (H2O) Compound
[3] Tap water Mixture homogenus [4] Mercury (Hg) Element [5] Blood: Mixture heterogenus [6] Cola: Mixture heterogenus
Summary:
Example: Measure the length of the following graduated cylinder.
vol: 36.5 ml
vol: 11.0 ml
vol: 12.5 ml
Temperature:
Write the following numbers in scientific notation.
12457.656 m 1.2457656 * 10^4 0.000065243 g 6.5423 * 10^-6
128.90 g 1.289 * 10^2 0.0000007532 m 7.532 * 10^-7
1.37 x10^4 m 13700.00 2.875 x10^2 g 287.5
8.755 x10^-5 g 0.00008755 7.005 x10^-3 m 0.007005
[1] 0.0007650 g 7.650 * 10^-4 [4] 1.34 * 10^-3 g 0.00134
[2] 120009.2 m 1.200092 * 10^5 [5] 3.987 ´ 105 g 398700
[3] 239087.54 mL 2.3908754 * 10^5
Practice: Multiply 6.0 x 105 times 4.0 x 103 on your calculator. Answer: 2.4 * 10E9
Summary:
Example: Round 4682 to the hundred’s place
4700
[1] 4 km = 4000m
[1] Convert 15 cl into ml = 150 ml [3]Convert 1.6 Dag into dg 160
[2] Convert 6000 mm into Km .006000 or 6 * 10^-3 [4] Convert 3.4 nm into m (we “dont need to know this in this unit” )
Example: How many grams are equal to 127.0 mg?
- How many kilograms are equal to .500 lbs? (454 grams = 1lb)
[3] 147 cm3 is equal to how many liters? 1cm3 = 1 ml
Density Density is defined as the ratio of mass to volume of a sample. ( How heavy is it for it’s size ? ) ( D = m/v ) ( Density = mass / volume ) Substances float when they are less dense than the substance they are in. Using density values, Is water (1.00 g/ml)) more or less dense than vegetable oil (0.85 g/ml)? Water is more dense than vegetable oil Look at the density values to compare the substances. The larger the density, the more dense! Density does vary with temperature. Why? Most substances will expand when heated, increasing the volume and decreasing the density. But water is an exception. As water cools, it expands, increasing the volume and decreasing the density… Ice Floats on water
Calculating Volume using Water Displacement You can measure the volume of an object by water displacement. The volume is the difference between the ________________ and initial volume of the water after the object has been added to the water.
Initial Volume of water 4.80 ml Final Volume of water 5.60 ml Volume of Dinosaur: 0.80 ml Example 1: What is the density of a sample with a mass of 2.50 g and a volume of 1.7 ml? 1.5 g/ml Example 2: What is the mass of a 2.34 ml sample with a density of 2.78 g/ml? 6.51 Example 3: A sample is 45.4 g and has a density of .87 g/ml. What is the volume?
Is it Aluminum? The metal has a mass of 612 g and a volume of 345 cm3? Aluminum’s density =2.70g/cm3
Summary:
A ) 1.3
B ) 1.25
6.89
8.8
29.25 degrees celcius
BALANCE: Always read exactly what you see on the balance. There is no need to estimate the last digit.
Entering Scientific Notation
ti-30x: 6.0 * 10^5 6.0 - > 2nd + ee ( this is the button labeled X^-1 )- > 5
swithching to scientific notation : 2nd - > sci/eng ( drg key ) - > sci
to do a negative exponent, use the negative in the bottom right, not the subtract button
ti-84 6.0 * 10^5 6.0 - > 2nd + ee ( the comma button ) - > 5
switching to scientific notation mode - > sci ( arrow to the right ) - > enter - > clear
to do a negative exponent, use the negative in the bottom right, not the subtract button
Section 4: Metric System & Dimensional Analysis ^JdrLPolI
Common Measurements made in class: mass: gram(g) volume : liter (L) → mililiters (mL) temperature celcsius ( C )
Base units have a value of 1 Examples are: Liters (L) ( volume ) Meters (m) (length ) Grams (g) ( mass ) Seconds (s) ( time )
Kilometer is 1000 meters. centigram is .01 of a gram
The Great Magistrate King Henry Died by drinking chocolate milk monday near paris
King Henry Died by drinking chocolate milk
Kilo Hecta Deca base deci centi mili
pneumonic device for memorizing these
L
m
g
s
1 foot
12 inches
4 quarters
1 dollar
conversion factors
a number or a unit
Given
and unit ( and
chemical if applicable )
52 feet
feet
yards
3ft = 1 yard ( we would be given this info )
3
1
x * 1 — x
%
52 * 1 / 3 is how you put it in your calculator 17 yards
52 feet * 1 yard / 3 feet
127 mg
1 gram
1000 mg
127 * 1/1000 = 0.127
0.250 kg is equal to how many grams?
0.250 kg
grams
kg
1000
1
.250 * 1000/1 = 250
She skipped this for now because it is not on the test
.500 lb
lb
454 g = 1lb
454
1
.500*454/1 227
227 g
1000 g = 1kg
1 kg
1000g
227 * 1 / 1000
.227
Section 5 : Density
lead high density air low density
Density is measured in g/L or g/mL
there will be a question on the test where you have to order things by their densities
This will be a question on the test
D =
m
v
2.50
D = --- 1.7
2.50/1.7=
1.47
g/ml
2 sig figs so 1.47
1.5 g/ml
D
m
V
/
-
m D = — v
m
2.789 = --- 1 2.34
m * 1 = m 2.789 * 2.34
2.789 * 2.34 = m 2.789g / ml * 2.34ml = 6.5052g
6.51 g answer
D = m/v
.87g/ml = 45.4/v v = 45.4g / .87g/ml 52.18 52 ml
D = m/v D = 612g/345cm3 D = 1.77 cm3
not aluminum
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