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Text Elements
hydrogen ions
hydronium
hydrochloric
nitric
sulfiric
carbonic
Acetic
hydroxide ions
hydrogen
hydrogen
Acid
Base
if you throw acid in a bucket of water and a base in a different bucket of water
its gonna make H+ ions in the acid and its gonna make OH- ions in the base Arrhenius definition (narrow definition)^
Conjugate Base
Conjugate Acid
Conjugate Acid
Conjugate Base
Acid
Base
acids and bases are always on the left side conjugate acids and bases are always on the right side
acid is a proton donor ( H+ donor ) base is a proton acceptor ( H+ acceptor )
find matching pairs on left and right of arrow
HNO3 donates it’s H and it makes the other one H3O
hydronium
OH- ( hydroxide)
sour
hydrogen
bitter
HCL HNO3 HBr
NaOH Fe(OH)3 Ca(OH)2
slippery
electrolytes
salt
water
salt
water
synonyms
highest
hydronium
square brackets mean molarity
8
increase 100x
-log10(1E-8)
.00001 = 1E-5
10^-5
-log10(5.6E-8) 7.25 = 7
10^-3.8 .000158
auto-ionization
-log10(1E-5) = 5
14 - 4 = 10
-log10(10E-9) = 8 14 - 9 = 5 10^-5 = 1E-5
-log10(1E-7) = 7 14 - 7 = 7
titrant analyte
end
na = 1 Ma = .50 Va = 20ml
nb = 2 Mb = x Vb = 30 ml
1*.5020 = 2 * x * 30 .5020/2 / 30 = x .17 = x
9.75
Vb = 9.75 nb = 1 Mb = 4.75
Va = 35 ml na = 1 Ma= x
9.75 * 1 * 4.75 / 35 / 1 = x 1.323 1.32
cfu 4 only do odds
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