Often arrays can have hundreds thousands or millions of values we need a system to access them trying to access each item can be tedious using loops creates an easy way to access all elements

to print each element

for ( int i = 0 ; i < scores.length; i ++ ) { 
	System.out.println(scores[i]);
}

to find an element

while(index < scores.length) {
	if ( scores[index] == target ) {
		 break;
	}
	index++;
}
System.out.println("the target was found at : " + index);

for( int i = 0; i scores.length ; i ++ ) will result in an arrayindexoutofbounds exception being thrown because the last value will be higher than our last index.